Čo všetko dokáže „demokraticky“ kapitalistická demokracia - druhý pokus. |
Piatok, 16 Apríl 2010 09:32 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Pretože link na tento článok humanisti a bojovníci za ľudské práva zničili, dávam opäť článok na stránku. Je to druhý pokus. Chudoba – čo všetko dokáže „demokraticky“ kapitalistická demokracia.
kapitalistickej demokracie.
demokracia je nekompatibilná s neobmedzeným súkromným vlastníctvom.
Obrázok 1
Prinajmenšom 80% populácie žije z menej ako 10 US dolárov na deň [1].
40% najchudobnejších má len 5% z celkového príjmu. Pričom, 20% najbohatších má 75% svetového príjmu [3].
Odhaduje sa, že okolo 27-28% všetkých detí v rozvojových krajinách majú podváhu alebo sú zakrpatené [5].
v roku 2005. Z toho boli 57% dievčatá [6].
Skoro miliarda ľudí na začiatku 21. Storočia je neschopná prečítať knihu alebo sa podpísať [7].
Nestalo sa tak [8].
na maláriu [9].
nemá základné zdravotnícke zariadenia. 1,8 miliárd ľudí, ktorí majú vodu do 1 km, konzumujú 20 litrov denne. Pričom vo Veľkej Británii každý spotrebuje viac ako 50 litrov vody len na splachovanie toalety, celkove spotrebuje 150 litrov denne. Najvyššia spotreba vody je v USA, 600 litrov vode denne [10].
Na svete zomrelo 10,6 milióna detí v roku 2003 predtým ako dosiahlo 5 rokov. To sa rovná populácii detí spolu vo Francúzsku, Nemecku, Grécku a Taliansku. 1,4 milióna detí zomrie ročne, pretože nemajú zdravú vody a základné zdravotníctvo. 2,2 milióna detí zomrie ročne, pretože neboli očkovaní. 15 miliónov detí sú siroty, ako výsledok HIV/AIDS [11].
V rozvojových krajinách 2,5 miliardy ľudí používa ako energiu len biomasu [14], čo spôsobí znečistenie obývacieho ovzdušia a smrť okolo 1,5 milióna ľudí ročne [15].
najchudobnejších len 1,5%.
Obrázok 2
populácie skonzumovalo 59% celkovej konzumácie. 1. 1.6 billion people — a quarter of humanity — live without electricity:
spoločný majetok 7 najbohatších ľudí na svete [18]. HDP sveta (populácia okolo 6,5 miliárd) v roku 2006 bol 48,2 tisíc miliárd US dolárov. Z toho HDP najbohatších krajín (okolo 1 miliarda ľudí) bol 36,6 tisíc dolárov (76%). Majetok 497 svetových miliardárov (okolo 0,000008% svetovej populácie) bol 3,5 tisíc miliárd dolárov (viac ako 7% svetového HDP). Krajiny s nízkym príjmom (2,4 miliárd ľudí) mali HDP len 1,6 tisíc miliárd dolárov (3,3%) a len 2,4% svetového exportu [20]. Krajiny s priemerným príjmom (3 miliardy ľudí) vyprodukovali zvyšok HDP, viac ako 10 tisíc miliárd dolárov (20,7%) [19]. Totálny majetok 8,3 milióna najbohatších ľudí v roku 2004 bol 30,8 tisíc miliárd dolárov, takže kontrolovali skoro 25% svetového finančného kapitálu. Povedané ináč, 0,13% populácie kontrolovala 25% svetového finančného kapitálu v roku 2004 [21]. Na každý 1 dolár, ktorý rozvojová krajina dostala ako pomoc, minula viac ako 25 dolárov na splácanie dlhu [22]. 51% zo 100 svetových najbohatších útvarov (zahŕňajúc aj štáty) sú korporácie [23]. [24]. Čím je krajina chudobnejšia, tým je viac pravdepodobné, že splácanie dlhu je priamo extrahované od ľudí, ktorí sa nepodieľali na pôžičkách a nezískali z nich žiadne peniaze [25]. V roku 1960, 20% najbohatších ľudí malo 30-krát vyšší príjem ako 20% najchudobnejších. V roku 1997 rozdiel sa zvýšil na 74-krát [26]. Analýza dlhotrvajúceho trendu ukazuje zväčšujúce sa rozdiely medzi najbohatšími a najchudobnejšími krajinami.
ukázali veľmi jasné zhoršenie progresu v porovnaní s rokmi 1960-1980. V každom indikátore, krajiny boli rozdelené do 5 skupín, podľa úrovne, ktoré krajiny dosiahli za začiatku roku 1960 alebo 1980. Výsledky ukazovateľov: - Rast: Rýchlosť rastu sa znížila vo všetkých skupinách a krajinách. rokov).
krajinách) [30].
Kozmetika v USA: 8 miliárd US dolárov
všetkých rozvojových krajinách:
Reprodukčné zdravie pre všetku ženy: 12 miliárd Základné zdravie a potraviny: 13 miliárd
1. Sources: successful in the fight against poverty 1, World Bank, August 2008 revisited 2, World Bank, May 2008. They note that 95% of developing country population lived on less than $10 a day. Using 2005 population numbers, this is equivalent to just under 79.7% of world population, and does not include populations living on less than $10 a day from industrialized nations. This figure is based on purchasing power parity (PPP3), which basically suggests that prices of goods in countries tend to equate under floating exchange rates and therefore people would be able to purchase the same quantity of goods in any country for a given sum of money. That is, the notion that a dollar should buy the same amount in all countries. Hence if a poor person in a poor country living on a dollar a day moved to the U.S. with no changes to their income, they would still be living on a dollar a day. The new poverty line of $1.25 a day was recently announced by the World Bank (in 2008). For many years before that it had been $1 a day. But the $1 a day used then would be $1.45 a day now if just inflation was accounted for. The new figures from the World Bank therefore confirm concerns that poverty has not been reduced by as much as was hoped, although it certainly has dropped since 1981. comes from China: o China’s poverty rate fell from 85% to 15.9%, or by over 600 million people
The use of the poverty line of $1 a day had long come under criticism for seeming arbitrary and using poor quality and limited data thus risking an underestimate of poverty. The $1.25 a day level is accompanied with some additional explanations and reasoning, including that it is a common level found amongst the poorest countries, and that $2.50 represents a typical poverty level amongst many more developing countries. The $10 dollar a day figure above is close to poverty levels in the US, so is provided here to give a more global perspective to these numbers, although the World Bank has felt it is not a meaningful number for the poorest because they are unfortunately unlikely to reach that level any time soon. web site. back
p.25.
statistic cited uses children as those under the age of five. If it was say 6, or 7, the numbers would be even higher.)
p.25. (The report also notes that although India is rising economically, “the bad news is that this has not been translated into accelerated progress in cutting under-nutrition. One-half of all rural children [in India] are underweight for their age—roughly the same proportion as in 1992.”)
number seems, surveys show that it underestimates the actual number of children who, though enrolled, are not attending school. Moreover, neither enrolment nor attendance figures reflect children who do not attend school regularly. To make matters worse, official data are not usually available from countries in conflict or post-conflict situations. If data from these countries were reflected in global estimates, the enrolment picture would be even less optimistic.”
p.25. 10. 2006 United Nations Human Development Report 13, pp.6, 7, 35 11. State of the World’s Children, 2005 14, UNICEF 12. 2007 Human Development Report15 (HDR), United Nations Development Program, November 27, 2007, p.25. 13. Millennium Development Goals Report 200716 14. Ibid, p.45 15. Ibid, p.45 16. World Development Indicators 2008 17, World Bank, August 2008 17. Millennium Development Goals Report 200718, p.44 18. See the following: 19. See the following: 20. Trade Data24, World Bank Data & Statistics, accessed March 3, 2008 21. Eileen Alt Powell, Some 600,000 join millionaire ranks in 2004 25, Associate Press, June 9, 2005 22. Based on World Bank data (accessed March 3, 2008) as follows: 23. See the following: for Policy Studies, November 2000 24. Log cabin to White House? Not any more30, The Observer, April 28, 2002 25. Debt - The facts31, Issue 312 - May 1999, New Internationalist 26. 1999 Human Development Report32, United Nations Development Programme 27. Ibid 28. World Resources Institute Pilot Analysis of Global Ecosystems, February 2001, (in the Food Feed and Fiber section33). Note, that despite the food production rate being better than population growth rate, there is still so much hunger around the world. 29. The Scorecard on Globalization 1980-2000: Twenty Years of Diminished Progress 34, by Mark Weisbrot, Dean Baker, Egor Kraev and Judy Chen, Center for Economic Policy and Research, August 2001. 30. Maude Barlow, Water as Commodity - The Wrong Prescription35, The Institute for Food and Development Policy, Backgrounder, Summer 2001, Vol. 7, No. 3 31. Consumerism36, Volunteer Now! (undated) Online Sources: this web site. Other sources such as journal, books and magazines, are mentioned above in the original text. Please also note that links to external sites are beyond my control. They might become unavailable temporarily or permanently since you read this, depending on the policies of those sites, which I cannot unfortunately do anything about.) 1. http://go.worldbank.org/5V41Z1WRL0 2. http://go.worldbank.org/3KL75ZFJ60 3. 'PPP Glossary Definition', Biz/ed web site, http://bized.ac.uk/cgi-bin/glossarydb/browse.pl?glostopic=1&glosid=401 4. Global Issues: “Poverty Around The World”, Last updated: Saturday, November 22, 2008, http://www.globalissues.org/article/4/poverty-around-the-world 5. http://hdr.undp.org/en/reports/global/hdr2007-2008/ 6. Global Issues: “Today, over 25,000 children died around the world”, Last updated: Sunday, March 22, 2009, http://www.globalissues.org/article/715/today-over-25000-children-died-around-the-world 7. http://hdr.undp.org/en/reports/global/hdr2007-2008/ 8. http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/mdg2007.pdf 9. http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/mdg2007.pdf 10. http://www.unicef.org/sowc99/index.html 11. http://www.newint.org/issue287/keynote.html 12. http://hdr.undp.org/en/reports/global/hdr2007-2008/ 13. http://hdr.undp.org/hdr2006/ 14. http://www.unicef.org/sowc05/english/index.html 15. http://hdr.undp.org/en/reports/global/hdr2007-2008/ 16. http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/mdg2007.pdf 17. 33175~ 18. http://www.un.org/millenniumgoals/pdf/mdg2007.pdf 19. 133150 20. 21. :64166 22. 133150 23. 24. 133150 25. http://www.charlotte.com/mld/charlotte/business/industries/11853644.htm 26. 133150 27. 133150 28. http://www.oneworld.org/ips2/aug98/16_20_084.html 29. http://www.ips-dc.org/reports/top200.htm 30. 31. http://www.newint.org/issue312/facts.htm 32. http://hdr.undp.org/reports/global/1999/en/ 33. http://www.wri.org/wr2000/agro_food.html 34. http://www.cepr.net/globalization/scorecard_on_globalization.htm 35. http://www.foodfirst.org/pubs/backgrdrs/2001/s01v7n3.html 36. http://volunteernow.ca/take_action/issues_consumerism.htm
Len registrovaní užívatelia môžu pridať komentár!
Powered by !JoomlaComment 3.26
3.26 Copyright (C) 2008 Compojoom.com / Copyright (C) 2007 Alain Georgette / Copyright (C) 2006 Frantisek Hliva. All rights reserved." |